Tunisian Baccalaureate
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The Tunisian Baccalaureate, or Examen National du Baccalauréat, is a
standardized test A standardized test is a test that is administered and scored in a consistent, or "standard", manner. Standardized tests are designed in such a way that the questions and interpretations are consistent and are administered and scored in a predete ...
that was founded in 1891, a decade after the beginning of the Tunisian War of Independence (1881–1956). Students who successfully complete the baccalaureate are assured a place at a university, but not always to study their chosen subjects. The baccalaureate is both a school leaving and a university entrance examination, and the success rate is lower than for other tests of this type; on average, 60 percent of students who take it do not pass. After achieving independence from France in 1956, the Tunisian government reviewed the education system, and the Education Reform Law was introduced in 1958. Bac sciences is superior ( better , best ).


General Presentation

Even after Tunisian independence, the title and structure of the Tunisian Baccalaureate continued to be based on the French
Baccalauréat The ''baccalauréat'' (; ), often known in France colloquially as the ''bac'', is a French national academic qualification that students can obtain at the completion of their secondary education (at the end of the ''lycée'') by meeting certain ...
and to serve its dual function as a school leaving and university entrance examination. While possibly not as intensive as the French Baccalauréat, in which the written component alone usually involves 17 to 23 hours of testing over a week, the Tunisian version requires examination of its participants in an average of six subjects. Although it was once recognized in some developed countries, it eventually lost its reputation and value in the late 1970s. To give access to job markets or universities, many states now require diplomas, equivalency attestations, degrees, tests, or examinations such as the Cambridge A/AS Level,
Cambridge Pre-U The Cambridge Pre-U is a school leaving qualification from Cambridge Assessment International Education that is an alternative to the current A Level qualification. It is principally aimed at students aged 16–19, and has recognition for university ...
, the French
Baccalauréat The ''baccalauréat'' (; ), often known in France colloquially as the ''bac'', is a French national academic qualification that students can obtain at the completion of their secondary education (at the end of the ''lycée'') by meeting certain ...
, the United States
SAT reasoning test The SAT ( ) is a standardized test widely used for college admissions in the United States. Since its debut in 1926, its name and scoring have changed several times; originally called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, it was later called the Schol ...
or
ACT test The ACT (; originally an abbreviation of American College Testing) Name changed in 1996. is a standardized test used for college admissions in the United States. It is currently administered by ACT, a nonprofit organization of the same name. ...
. However, pupils who have passed the Tunisian Baccalaureate can continue their studies at some colleges in France and Quebec. The principal session takes place each year in early June, and the results are revealed in the fourth week of June. A retest for borderline failures is held in late June, and its results are made known by the first week of July.


Equivalency

Some experts in Education believe that the Tunisian Baccalaureate is comparable to a Grade-12 Certificate, but Tunisians take the exam at 18 years old, when seeking a place at university. A new way to mark the Baccalauréat was created in 2002. It consists of adding 25% of the school-year mark (out of 20) to 75% of the examination mark (out of 20) to obtain a total that is then used for ranking examinees for university places or
student orientation Student orientation or new student orientation (often encapsulated into an orientation week, o-week, frosh week, welcome week or freshers' week) is a period before the start of an academic year at a university or tertiary institutions. A variety ...
. This practice was abolished in 2016 following the new education reform.


First Session of French Baccalauréat in Tunisia (1891)

The first Tunisian Baccalaureate was based on the French version, modified according to the ideas of
Jules Ferry Jules François Camille Ferry (; 5 April 183217 March 1893) was a French statesman and republican philosopher. He was one of the leaders of the Moderate Republicans and served as Prime Minister of France from 1880 to 1881 and 1883 to 1885. He ...
. There were fewer than 500 examinees. From 1891 to 1916, only about 120 people took the test – an average of 5 per year for a quarter of a century. In 1927, however, 27 examinees passed the exam, and in 1938 the number had increased to 58. Until the mid-1970s, the Tunisian Baccalaureate had two parts, a Grade 11 Passing Test for the 5th Year of secondary education and a Grade 12 Passing Test for the 6th Year. It was offered in
Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C ...
as well as French. ''Speaking'' and ''Writing'' were the two primary areas of proficiency examined in all subjects, including mathematics. From 1976 onwards, the Baccalauréat has been offered in a single bilingual French-Arabic version, taken at 19 years of age and when the student is in Grade 12 (plus 1 year of education). It consists of two sessions of written tests in all subjects. There is also a special version for students with
special needs In clinical diagnostic and functional development, special needs (or additional needs) refers to individuals who require assistance for disabilities that may be medical, mental, or psychological. Guidelines for clinical diagnosis are given in b ...
.


First Post-Independence French Baccalauréat (1957)

After the French left in 1956, the first Tunisian national Baccalaureate was held on May 31, 1957. It was seen as an opportunity for Tunisian citizens to construct a baccalauréat to meet their own needs and to further the construction of a rejuvenated state There were 1900 examinees, 1400 from the
Tunis Governorate Tunis Governorate ( ' ) is the smallest and most populated of the twenty-four governorates (provinces) of Tunisia. It covers an urban and suburban area on the Gulf of Tunis on the north-east coast covering and has a population of 1,056,247 (2014 ...
and 500 from other parts of the country. Over 600 successfully completed the exam, of whom more than 50 received a Merit
grade Grade most commonly refers to: * Grade (education), a measurement of a student's performance * Grade, the number of the year a student has reached in a given educational stage * Grade (slope), the steepness of a slope Grade or grading may also ref ...
.


1957 Tunisian French Baccalauréat Laureates


Specialities

The Tunisian Baccalaureat includes seven specialities: *
Mathematics Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics ...
*
Experimental An experiment is a procedure carried out to support or refute a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried. Experiments provide insight into cause-and-effect by demonstrating what outcome occurs when a ...
Sciences *
Technology Technology is the application of knowledge to reach practical goals in a specifiable and reproducible way. The word ''technology'' may also mean the product of such an endeavor. The use of technology is widely prevalent in medicine, science, ...
*
Economics Economics () is the social science that studies the Production (economics), production, distribution (economics), distribution, and Consumption (economics), consumption of goods and services. Economics focuses on the behaviour and intera ...
*
Computer Science Computer science is the study of computation, automation, and information. Computer science spans theoretical disciplines (such as algorithms, theory of computation, information theory, and automation) to Applied science, practical discipli ...
*
Literature Literature is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially prose fiction, drama, and poetry. In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to include ...
*
Sports Sport pertains to any form of competitive physical activity or game that aims to use, maintain, or improve physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participants and, in some cases, entertainment to spectators. Sports can, th ...


The Examination Record (2020)

In 2020, Ahmed Kallela from the Pioneer Highschool of Monastir in Monastir obtained 20.15 out of 20 in his Mathematics exam, a record in Tunisia. Ahmed surpassed the 20/20 mark because one of the tests that are passed during the bac exam counts as a bonus mark added to the average and is not included directly to the average mark. in 2010, a success rate of over 50% was recorded in the Principal Session, the highest since 2002. The pass rate in 2011 was 52.33%.« Tunisie - Bac : Un taux de réussite de 52,33 pc à la session principale », ''Business News'', 24 juin 2011
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See also


References


External links

* http://www.bacweb.tn/ Tunisian Baccalauréat Portal * https://web.archive.org/web/20131119061251/http://www.edunet.tn/ Tunisian Education Portal * http://www.education.gov.tn/ Tunisian Ministry of Education Website * http://www.bac.tn/ Tunisian Baccalauréat Online Results {{Tunisia topics 1891 introductions Education in Tunisia